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Popular Products FAQs

A buyer's guide to the kinds of welding, cutting and protective equipment people look at most, and what to check before choosing.

What does duty cycle mean when I compare welders and cutters?icon-minus-redicon-plus-red

Duty cycle is the share of a ten-minute period that a machine can run at a stated output before it must cool down, usually quoted at a set ambient temperature. A machine may be rated at a higher duty cycle at lower output and a lower one at full output, so the figure only means something alongside the current it applies to.

If the thermal protection cuts in, leave the machine running its fan and wait for it to reset. When comparing machines, look at the duty cycle at the current you will actually use, not just the headline maximum, and check the data plate and manual.

What is the difference between rated cut and severance cut on a plasma cutter?icon-minus-redicon-plus-red

The rated or recommended cut is the thickness a plasma cutter handles in everyday use with a clean edge. The severance cut is the upper limit it can just manage to cut through, with a rougher edge, more dross and slower travel.

Choose a machine by the rated figure for the metal and thickness you cut most often, and treat the severance figure as an occasional limit rather than a working size. Both figures depend on the material and the machine, so check the maker's cutting data.

What air supply does a plasma cutter need?icon-minus-redicon-plus-red

Most air plasma cutters need clean, dry, oil-free compressed air, and some have a built-in compressor. Moisture and oil in the air shorten the life of the torch consumables and spoil the cut.

Check the maker's stated pressure and air flow, and make sure your compressor can keep up with continuous cutting, since a small compressor may not. A filter and water trap in the air line are normally needed, and a dryer helps in damp conditions. Remember to drain the trap and replace filters as the maker advises.

How do I check a welder will run from my electrical supply?icon-minus-redicon-plus-red

Look at the machine's data plate and manual for the supply voltage, the effective and maximum current it draws and the fuse or breaker size it recommends. Then check that the socket, cable and circuit protection at your workshop suit those figures.

Do not assume that a plug fitting means the circuit can cope. If you plan to run the machine from a generator, check the maker's guidance on generator output and voltage quality. Have a competent electrician check the circuit if you are unsure.

Is a powered air respirator better than a standard welding helmet for fume?icon-minus-redicon-plus-red

A standard welding helmet protects the eyes and face but does not by itself protect your lungs. Capturing fume at source is the most effective control, and where that cannot control exposure enough, or is not practical such as outdoors, respiratory protective equipment is needed.

Powered or supplied-air respirators are often a good choice for arc welders. Particulate filters do not protect against welding gases, and the wearer needs face fit testing where the equipment requires it. Choose the system after a risk assessment.

Which type of welding glove should I choose?icon-minus-redicon-plus-red

Welding gloves are made in different types. Some give higher heat and wear protection with less feel and are for general welding and cutting. Others give better dexterity with lower protection, and these are generally recommended for TIG welding where fine control matters.

Check the marking and the maker's description of what the glove is intended for, because a heavy-duty glove may not be intended for TIG. Also consider cuff length, lining and fit, and replace gloves that are worn, thin or burnt through.